03-03-2009, 04:45 PM
Schizotypal Personality Disorder is a pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of context, as indicated by 5 or more of the following* Ideas of reference (excluding delusions of reference)* Odd beliefs or magical thinking that influences behavior and is inconsistent with subcultural norms (such as belief in clairvoyance, telepathy, 6th sense)* Unusual perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions* Odd thinking and speech (such as vague, circumstantial, metaphorical, overelaborate, or stereotyped)* Suspiciousness or paranoid ideation* Inappropriate or constricted emotion* Behavior or appearance that is odd, eccentric, or peculiar* Lack of close friends other than 1st degree relatives* Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with famililarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments about selfSchizotypal PD does not occur exclusively during a psychotic or pervasive developmental disorder.The cause is unknown, but schizotypal personality disorder is believed to have a genetic component. There is an increased incidence in relatives of schizophrenics.There is no way to prevent this disorder, but early intervention may reduce symptoms and improve functioning over the long term.It tends to appear more often in men than in women. Symptoms of depression and anxiety are quite common, with about half of people with this disorder having an episode of major depression at some point during life. Thinking may become more distorted in stressful circumstances.Schizotypal personality disorder should not be confused with schizophrenia. People with schizotypal personality disorder tend to have odd beliefs and behaviors, but they are not profoundly disconnected from reality and usually do not hallucinate.Some people may be helped by antipsychotic medications, but in many cases talk therapy is preferred. However, people with schizotypal personality disorders may find psychotherapy difficult because of their discomfort with relationships.All personality disorders are long-lasting (chronic). This disorder is a lifelong pattern. In contrast to an illness like depression, the pattern does not come and go.
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